Library Guide to American Presidency:
Selected Resources

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“At any given moment, the powers and duties of the office of the president of the United States are entrusted fully to the person who occupies the office. … It is … an institution, an enduring and evolving office that is deeply embedded in an interactive network of other institutions and offices: Congress, the Supreme Court, the departments and agencies of the bureaucracy, the news media, interest groups, political parties, the American people, and the people and governments of the nations of the world.”

(Guide to the Presidency, 3rd ed., pp. xvii)

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Library of Congress Subject Headings

Among the search strategies for finding information on the Presidency or a particular President is to search by subject headings. Listed below are selected subject headings you might use in your search. The MERLIN Library Catalog and the MOBIUS Union Catalog contain thousands of books, videos, journals and government publications on the United States Presidency. Start here to begin your journey.

• Presidents -- United States
• Executive Power -- United States
• Truman Library/UMKC Presidential Studies Collection
• Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869 -- Archives
• Pierce, Franklin, 1804-1869 -- Correspondence
• Presidents -- United States -- Archives
• Presidents -- United States -- Biography
• Presidents – United States -- Bibliography
• Presidents -- United States -- Election
• Presidents -- United States -- Correspondence
• Presidents -- United States -- History -- 20th Century
• United States -- Politics and Government -- 20th Century
• Presidential Candidates -- United States
• Presidential Libraries -- United States
• United States -- History -- 1919-1933 -- Sources -- Bibliography -- Catalogs
• United States -- Politics and Government -- 1929-1933 -- Sources
• United States -- Politics and Government -- To 1775 -- Sources
• United States -- Politics and Government -- 1783-1809 -- Sources
• Massachusetts -- Politics and Government -- To 1775 -- Sources
• United States -- Politics and Government -- 1775-1783 -- Sources

To find the location of a book in Miller Nichols Library, see the Location Guide.

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Presidential Studies Collection (PSC) Microfilm
George Washington to Calvin Coolidge Presidential Papers

One of the significant resources available at the Miller Nichols Library is the Presidential Studies Collection on microfilm. This resource and associated indices are located on the Ground Floor of the Miller Nichols Library. Noted below are the holdings on several Presidents of the United States as well as a noted U.S. Senator of the nineteenth century, John C. Calhoun.

Note: Transferred from the holdings of the Harry S. Truman Library and Museum (www.trumanlibrary.org). Approximately 2000 reels of microfilm containing substantial collections of the papers of 18 Presidents. Additional historic documents located in Special Collections. For the link to Special Collections, see the University Libraries Home Page, or visit the Special Collections Web site directly at library.umkc.edu/spec-col/index.html.

George Washington (1789-1797) Papers, 1741-1799 John Adams (1797-1801) James Madison (1809-1817) James Monroe (1817-1825) Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) Martin Van Buren (1837-1841) William Harrison (1841-1845) James Polk (1845-1849) Zachary Taylor (1849-1850)

Franklin Pierce (1853-1857) Abraham Lincoln (1861-1865) Andrew Johnson (1865-1869) Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877) Chester A. Arthur (1881-1885) Grover Cleveland (1885-1889) (1893-1897) Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893) Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909) Papers, 1899-1918 Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929)

Format: Microfilm

Access:

1. Search for the Title of the Series in the MERLIN Library Catalog: Presidential Papers Microfilm
2. Search for the Subject Heading in the MERLIN Library Catalog: Truman Library/UMKC Presidential Studies Collection
3. Search for the Title in the MERLIN Library Catalog: Presidents Papers Index Series
   (Located on a study carrel on the south wall of the Ground Floor adjacent to the Presidential Papers Microfilm cabinet.)

University Libraries Photocopying and Printing Services

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Selected U.S. Government Publications

All call numbers in this guide refer to the UMKC Miller Nichols Library, unless otherwise noted. Titles are linked to the corresponding MERLIN Library Catalog record.

Duncan, Evan M. Lists of Visits of Presidents of the United States to Foreign Countries, 1789 - 1983. 1983.	Gov Docs S 1.2: V 82/4
Freitag, Ruth S., Compiler, Bibliography and Reference Correspondence Section. Presidential Inaugurations; A Selected List of References. Washington, Library of Congress; U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1969.	Gov Docs LC 2.2:P 92/3/969
Guidas, John and Marilyn K. Parr. The Presidents of the United States: The First Twenty Years. 1993.	Gov Docs LC 1.2: P 92/3
Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents of the United States from George Washington 1789 to George Bush 1989.	Gov Docs Y 1.1/3:101-10
Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States. Miller Nichols Library: Hoover-Bush	Gov Docs AD 2.114
Rutland, Robert Allen. James Madison and the Search for Nationhood. 1981.	Gov Docs LC 1.2: M 26
Sayler, James. Presidents of the United States--Their Written Measure: A Bibliography. 1996.	Gov Docs LC 14.2: P 92

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Selected Reference Titles: Miller Nichols Library

All call numbers in this guide refer to the UMKC Miller Nichols Library, unless otherwise noted. Titles are linked to the corresponding MERLIN Library Catalog record.

Books

American Political Leaders, 1789-2000. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, c2000.	Ref E176 .A513 2000
Burton, Dennis A, James B. Rhoads, and Raymond W. Smock; Compilers and Editors. A Guide to Manuscripts in the Presidential Libraries. College Park, Md.: Research Materials Corp., c1985.	Ref CD3029.82 .B87 1985
Connelly, Thomas L. and Michael D. Senecal. Almanac of American Presidents: From 1789 to the Present: An Original Compendium of Facts and Anecdotes about Politics and the Presidency in the United States of America. New York: Facts on File, c1991.	Ref E176.1 .A626 1991
DeGregorio, William A. The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents, 3rd ed. New York: Barricade Books, c1991.	Ref E176.1 .D43 1991
Goehlert, Robert U. and Fenton S. Martin. The Presidency: A Research Guide. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-Clio Information Services, c1985.	Ref Z1249.P7 G63 1985
Hoxie, R. Gordon, Editor. Montauk Symposium on the Office of the President of the United States (2nd: 1971). The Presidency of the 1970's: Proceedings of the 1971 Montauk Symposium on the Office of the President of the United States. Sponsored by Center for the Study of the Presidency. New York, N.Y.: The Center, c1973.	SpecColl Snyder JK501 .C43 v.2:1
The Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents of the United States, 1789-1985. Atlantic City, N.J.: American Inheritance Press, 1985. Freedom series. "In celebration of the fiftieth inaugural."	Ref J81 .C85 1985
An Index to the Presidential Election Campaign Biographies, Core Collection, 1824-1976. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms International, 1984.	Ref E176.1.P892 I521 1984
Levy, Louis Fisher; Editor. Encyclopedia of the American Presidency. New York: Simon & Schuster, c1994.	Ref JK511 .E53 1994 v.1 - 4
Library of Congress. General Reference and Bibliography Division. The Presidents of the United States, 1789-1962. A Selected List of References Compiled by Donald H. Mugridge, Specialist in American History. Washington 1963.	Ref Z1249.P7 U63
Lorant, Stefan. The Presidency; A Pictorial History of Presidential Elections from Washington to Truman. New York: MacMillan, 1951.	E183 .L65 1951
Lott, Davis Newton. The Presidents Speak: The Inaugural Addresses of the American Presidents from Washington to Clinton. New York: H. Holt and Co., c1994.	Ref J81 .C62 1994
Martin, Fenton S. and Robert U. Goehlert. American Presidents: A Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, c1987.	Reference Ref E176.1 .M26 1987
McGillivray, Alice V., and Richard M. Scammon, Compilers. America at the polls, 1920-1956 Harding to Eisenhower: A Handbook of American Presidential Election Statistics. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, c1994.	Ref JK524 .M329 1994
Miles, William. The Image Makers: A Bibliography of American Presidential Campaign Biographies. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1979.	Ref Z7164.R4 M63
Nelson, Michael; editor. Congressional Quarterly's Guide to the Presidency. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Inc., c1989.	Ref JK516 .C57 1989
Nelson, Michael; Advisory Editor. The Presidency A to Z. ICQ's Encyclopedia of American Government; v. 2. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, c2003.	Ref JK511 .P775 2003
Presidential elections, 1789-1992. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, c1995.	Ref JK524 .P678 1995
Preston, Daniel. A Comprehensive Catalogue of the Correspondence and Papers of James Monroe. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2001. Bibliographies and Indexes in American History; no. 46.	Ref E302.M74 P74 2001 v.1-2
Ragsdale, Lyn. Vital Statistics on the Presidency: Washington to Clinton, rev. ed. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, c1998.	Ref JK518 .R34 1998 Also Electronic resource
Schick, Frank Leopold, Renee Schick, and Mark Carroll. Records of the Presidency: Presidential Papers and Libraries from Washington to Reagan. Phoenix, Ariz.: Oryx Press, 1989. Foreword by Gerald R. Ford.	Ref CD3029.82 .S35 1989
Urofsky, Melvin I.; Editor. The American Presidents. New York: Garland Pub., 2000.	Ref E176.1 .A6566 2000
Wetterau, Bruce. Congressional Quarterly's Desk Reference on the Presidency. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, c2000.	Ref JK516 .W44 2000

Video and Audio

Eleven Presidents Speak [sound recording]: Every President from Cleveland to Eisenhower, Actual Voices from their Famous Speeches. New York City: Hotpoint Hi-Vi TV, 1956	Marr Hotpoint Hi-Vi TV: XTV 25207 LIB USE ONLY
F.D.R. Speaks [sound recording] / Authorized Edition of Speeches Delivered by Franklin Delano Roosevelt. New York: Washington Records: Distributed by Crown Publishers, 1960?.	Marr Washington Records: W-FDR disc 1
Jimmy Carter [videorecording]. Produced by Anthony Potter Productions in association with the Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution and the Trust for the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution. Springfield, Va.: Media Associates [distributor], c1991. We The People: The President and the Constitution Series.	Media A/V MV 92:16
Richard Nixon [videorecording]: "Checkers", "Old Glory", "Resignation." Presented by Video Images. Sandy Hook, Ct.: Video Yesteryear Recording, 1980.	Media A/V MV 87:16
Shayon, Robert Lewis. The Invention of the Presidency [sound recording]. New York: American Heritage, 1969	Marr American Heritage: XB-136,137 LIB USE ONLY
Truman [videorecording]. A David Grubin Productions, Inc. film for the American Experience; WGBH Boston; written and produced by David Grubin. Harry S Truman. [videorecording]. Alexandria, Va.: PBS Home Video: Burbank , Calif.; distributed by Warner Home Video, c1997. American Experience Series; Presidents Collection.	Media A/V MV 2000:100 tapes 1 and 2
We the People [videorecording]: The President and the Constitution. [s.l.]: produced by Anthony Potter Productions in association with the Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution and the Trust for the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution, c1991. Observations of Presidents Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan about the office of the Presidency.	UMK LAW VIDEO: No.210 Nixon No.211 Ford No.212 Carter No.213 Reagan
The Wit of John F. Kennedy at the Press Conference [sound recording]. Los Angeles: Challenge, 1964.	Marr Challenge: LP-618

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Selected U.S. Presidential Web sites

General Interest

• The American Presidency
  A celebration of the history of the nation's highest office. A Grolier Encyclopedic Multimedia page devoted to the Unites States Presidency and related topics.
  (gi.grolier.com/presidents/preshome.html)

• The American President
  Web page for the Public Broadcasting Systems television series on the American Presidency.
  (www.pbs.org/wnet/amerpres/)

• American Presidents: Life Portraits
  Supports a video archive and other links to information about U.S. Presidents. Sponsored by C-SPAN – A Public Affairs Channel.
  (www.americanpresidents.org/)

• Center for the Study of the Presidency
  “The Center for the Study of the Presidency seeks to further the understanding and functioning of the American Presidency and its related institutions and, thereby, to educate, illuminate, and inspire leaders of tomorrow.”
  (www.cspresidency.org)

• From Revolution to Reconstruction
  An index of U.S. Presidents with information and documents of speeches, writings, biographies, and other materials related to the individual and his office.
  Created and maintained as a class and teaching project of the Department of Alfa-informatica (Computing in the Humanities) University of Groningen The Netherlands.
  (odur.let.rug.nl/%7Eusa/P/index.htm)

• "I Do Solemnly Swear...": Presidential Inaugurations
  (memory.loc.gov/ammem/pihtml/pihome.html)
  • List of Inauguration Dates
    (memory.loc.gov/ammem/pihtml/pimenu.html)


• Miller Center of Public Affairs
  The Center presents research and analysis of the Presidency in domestic and international affairs. It offers online videos, Spectrum – its online magazine, radio and television transcripts of events involving the Presidency.
  (millercenter.virginia.edu/)
  • American President
    The Miller Center sponsors an interactive history site – informative and interesting.
    (www.americanpresident.org/history/hhome.shtml)


• The National Guard Image Galleries: Presidential Series
  (www.ngb.army.mil/gallery/presidential/)

• POTUS: Presidents of the United States
  The Internet Public Library (IPL) web page states: “… you will find background information, election results, cabinet members, notable events, and some points of interest on each of the presidents. Links to biographies, historical documents, audio and video files, and other presidential sites are also included.”
  (www.ipl.org/div/potus/)

• The Presidency
  The Library of Congress's resources on the Presidency are located on this web page and have links for some but not all U.S. Presidents. The Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress is the nation's oldest and most comprehensive Presidential library.
  (lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/mcchtml/preshm.html)

• Presidential Libraries
  The United States National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) listing and links to the Presidential Libraries they sponsor.
  (www.archives.gov/presidential_libraries/addresses/addresses.html)

• The Presidents of the United States
  Contains an online tour, information about the Presidents and first ladies and is searchable by date or name. Information about U.S. Vice Presidents is also available.
  (www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/index.html)

• Presidents of the United States: Selected Images from the Collections of the Library of Congress
  (www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/057_intr.html)

• U.S. Presidential Historic Sites – Smithsonian Institution
  (www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmah/pressite.htm)

• U.S. Presidents of the 20th Century - Vincent Voice Library
  The Michigan State University Vincent Voice Library has collected and made available sound samples of American Presidents from Grover Cleveland to William J. Clinton.
  (www.lib.msu.edu/vincent/presidents/index.htm)

• The White House Historical Association
  The White House Historical Association is a charitable nonprofit institution whose purpose is to enhance the understanding, appreciation and enjoyment of the White House.
  (www.whitehousehistory.org/)

Elections and Debates

• Commission on Presidential Debates
  (www.debates.org/index.html)

• Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections
  An excellent resource with analysis, data, message board and more developed and maintained since the mid 1990's by Mr. Leip, a Presidential election enthusiast.
  (www.uselectionatlas.org/)

• The History of Televised Presidential Debates 1960-1996
  (www.museum.tv/debateweb/html/history/index.htm)

• Presidential Debates: 1984-1996 - C-SPAN
  (www.c-span.org/campaign2000/archivedebates.asp)

• U.S. Electoral College – NARA Federal Register Page
  Excellent resource for Presidential election data and some interesting links including Federalist Paper #98, written by Alexander Hamilton, discussing the Presidency.
  (www.archives.gov/federal_register/electoral_college/electoral_college.html)

• U.S. Presidential Election Maps: 1860-1996
  Now includes data on the 2000 election – supported and maintained by the Geospatial & Statistical Data Center of the University of Virginia Library.
  (fisher.lib.virginia.edu/elections/maps/index.html)

Documents, Speeches & Publications

• The Avalon Project at the Yale Law School - Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy
  (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/avalon.htm)
  • The Papers of the Presidents of the United States
    Links to the Public Papers of the Presidents where they are available online; not all Presidential papers are available online.
    (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/presiden/presiden.htm)
  • Inaugural Addresses of the Presidents
    (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/presiden/inaug/inaug.htm
  • Annual Messages of the Presidents
    (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/presiden/sou/sou.htm)
  • Constitutional articles and amendments concerning the Presidency:
    • Article 2
      (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/art2.htm)
    • 20th Amendment
      (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/amend1.htm#20)
    • 22nd Amendment
      (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/amend1.htm#22)
    • 25th Amendment
      (www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/amend1.htm#25)
• Executive Orders Disposition Tables: January 8, 1937 - May 13, 2004
  (www.archives.gov/federal_register/executive_orders/disposition_tables.html)

• Presidential Directives and Executive Orders: Truman to G.W. Bush
  (www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/direct.htm)

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Chronological List of Presidents with Selected Individual Web sites

GEORGE WASHINGTON (1732-1799), 1st President
Term of Office: 1789-1797

• The Papers of George Washington
  University of Virginia site which includes his will and diaries. Colorful and easy to navigate.
  (gwpapers.virginia.edu/)

• George Washington's Mount Vernon
  Very easy to use site that is the official home page of George Washington's estate. Contains school programs and a library collection and records about Washington's time at Mount Vernon.
  (www.mountvernon.org/)

• George Washington Birthplace National Monument
  550-acre park that memorializes Washington's birthplace and his family. Not much scholarship here but contains some detailed family history.
  (www.nps.gov/gewa/)

THOMAS JEFFERSON (1743-1826), 3rd President
Term of Office: 1801-1809

• Monticello, the Home of Thomas Jefferson
  A very nice site that contains the Jefferson Library, for which the catalog is online. The page also contains electronic editions of the Jefferson “retirement” papers.
  (www.monticello.org/)

• Thomas Jefferson Digital Archive
  Sponsored by the University of Virginia Library Electronic Text Center. This contains a wide range of material on Jefferson online including special collections exhibitions with Jefferson as the subject.
  (etext.lib.virginia.edu/jefferson/)

• Thomas Jefferson Memorial National Memorial
  Home page for the Jefferson Memorial in Washington, D.C. The site does contain some biographical overviews.
  (www.nps.gov/thje/)

JAMES MADISON (1751-1836), 4th President
Term of Office: 1809-1817

• The James Madison Center
  Sponsored by James Madison University, this site contains many documents by Madison online including his views on slavery. The page is very easy to navigate.
  (www.jmu.edu/madison/center/index.htm)

• The Papers of James Madison
  University of Virginia special project on Madison. A work in progress, it plans to eventually put all the papers of Madison online.
  (www.virginia.edu/pjm/)

• James Madison's Montpelier
  Official site of Madison's home. The 2,700-acre site has extensive archeological digs uncovering the area's early history.
  (www.montpelier.org/)

JAMES MONROE (1758-1831), 5th President
Term of Office: 1817-1825

• The James Monroe Museum and Memorial Library
  Sponsored by University of Mary Washington. The site contains no papers online but has extensive biographical information on Monroe.
  (www.umw.edu/jamesmonroemuseum/default.php)

• James Monroe's Ash Lawn-Highland
  Official home page of the estate of James Monroe. Not much on scholarship but the recipes of the Monroe family are available online through this site.
  (www.ashlawnhighland.org/)

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1767-1848), 6th President
Term of Office: 1825-1829

• Adams National Historic Park
  Homepage for the 14-acre park that was the estate of John Quincy Adams and his family. The library there contains 14,000 historic volumes including the book collection of John Quincy Adams. None of these are available online, however.
  (www.nps.gov/adam/)

ANDREW JACKSON (1767-1845), 7th President
Term of Office: 1829-1837

• The Hermitage, Home of President Andrew Jackson
  A very interesting site on Jackson 's plantation. Only a very small library of his papers is here, but there is extensive information on the slavery community that existed on the property and his relationship with them.
  (www.thehermitage.com/)

MARTIN VAN BUREN (1782-1862), 8th President
Term of Office: 1837-1841

• Martin Van Buren National Historic Site
  Features Van Buren's home Lindenwald in Kinderhook, New York. It is a 35-acre park. The site contains biographic material on Van Buren.
  (www.nps.gov/mava/)

WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON (1773-1841), 9th President
Term of Office: 1841

JOHN TYLER (1790-1862), 10th President
Term of Office: 1841-1845

• Sherwood Forest Plantation, Home of President John Tyler
  Official website of the estate of John Tyler. There does not seem to be any library available but it does have a good genealogy of the Tyler family and an animated sequence on the evolution of the house itself.
  (www.sherwoodforest.org/)

JAMES K. POLK (1795-1849), 11th President
Term of Office: 1845-1849

• The James K. Polk Ancestral Home
  Website of the Polk home. No library resources but fairly extensive biography of Polk's life. Quite a few images and artifacts of his presidency are available.
  (www.jameskpolk.com/)

• James K. Polk Memorial
  Park containing the grounds where Polk grew up. Some historic buildings are in the park. The site includes a film on Polk's life but the website is very sparse.
  (www.ah.dcr.state.nc.us/sections/hs/polk/polk.htm)

ZACHARY TAYLOR (1784-1850), 12th President
Term of Office: 1849-1850

MILLARD FILLMORE (1800-1874), 13th President
Term of Office: 1850-1853

FRANKLIN PIERCE (1804-1869), 14th President
Term of Office: 1853-1857

• Franklin Pierce College Library - President Franklin Pierce
  The library site contains online pictures, history and some speeches of Pierce and his first lady. There are also links to all his major residences.
  (library.fpc.edu/pfp/pfp.shtml)

• The Franklin Pierce Pages
  Informative, nicely done webpage although at times irreverent.
  (www.mindspring.com/~dbholzel/pierce/pierce.html)

• The Franklin Pierce Bicentennial
  A site to celebrate the 2004 bicentennial of Pierce's birth in New Hampshire. Well done page that contains extensive biographical material on Pierce.
  (www.franklinpierce.ws/)

JAMES BUCHANAN (1791-1868), 15th President
Term of Office: 1857-1861

• Wheatland
  The Lancaster estate of President James Buchanan.
  (www.wheatland.org/)

ABRAHAM LINCOLN (1809-1865), 16th President
Term of Office: 1861-1865

• Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress
  (memory.loc.gov/ammem/alhtml/malhome.html)

• LincolnNet – Abraham Lincoln Historical Digitization Project
  (lincoln.lib.niu.edu/)

• Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site
  (www.nps.gov/abli/)

• The Abraham Lincoln Association
  (www.alincolnassoc.com/)

• Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
  (www.alincoln-library.com/Apps/default.asp)

ANDREW JOHNSON (1808-1875), 17th President
Term of Office: 1865-1869

• Andrew Johnson National Historic Site
  (www.nps.gov/anjo/)

• Andrew Johnson – North Carolina Encyclopedia
  A brief biography of this President.
  (statelibrary.dcr.state.nc.us/nc/bio/public/johnson.htm)

• Tusculum College – President Andrew Johnson Collection
  The library and museum contain artifacts, his personal library and historical information.
  (ajmuseum.tusculum.edu/ajcollection.html)

• The Impeachment Trial of President Andrew Johnson – Library of Congress
  (memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwcg-imp.html)

ULYSSES S. GRANT (1822-1885), 18th President
Term of Office: 1869-1877

• Peterburg National Battlefield - Ulysses S. Grant
  National Park Service Civil War Site outlining one of Grant's military actions.
  (www.nps.gov/pete/mahan/edbiosug.html)

• The Ulysses S. Grant Association
  The site provides biographical information and a bibliography on this President.
  (www.lib.siu.edu/projects/usgrant/)

• Ulysses S. Grant Homepage
  An extensive resource of all aspects of Grant's life and career and extremely well done. Note the copyright restrictions.
  (www.mscomm.com/~ulysses/)

RUTHERFORD B. HAYES (1822-1893), 19th President
Term of Office: 1877-1881

• Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center
  The site states that it is the homepage of the first Presidential Library and provides information about Hayes.
  (www.rbhayes.org/)

• Hayes vs. Tilden – The Electoral College Controversy of 1876-1877
  A brief introduction to this controversy in chronological order taken from the pages of the Harper's Weekly.
  (elections.harpweek.com/controversy.htm)

JAMES GARFIELD (1831-1881), 20th President
Term of Office: 1881

• James A. Garfield National Historic Site
  (www.nps.gov/jaga/)

CHESTER A. ARTHUR (1829-1886), 21st President
Term of Office: 1881-1885

• President Chester A. Arthur State Historic Site
  A brief biography sponsored by the Vermont State Historic Sites organization.
  (www.historicvermont.org/sites/html/arthur.html)

GROVER CLEVELAND (1837-1908), 22nd and 24th President
Terms of Office: 1885-1889, 1893-1897. The only United States President to serve two non-consecutive terms.

• Grover Cleveland
  A site dedicated to Cleveland by the New York Institute for Special Education where he was a teacher for several years in the 1850's.
  (www.nyise.org/history/grover.htm)

BENJAMIN HARRISON (1833-1901), 23rd President
Term of Office: 1889-1893

• The President Benjamin Harrison Home
  Contains a series of articles and biographical information.
  (www.presidentbenjaminharrison.org/)

WILLIAM McKINLEY (1843-1901), 25th President
Term of Office: 1897-1901

• The Era of William McKinley – Ohio State University
  This site is a web history project sponsored by the University.
  (history.osu.edu/Projects/McKinley/Default.htm)

• The Last Days of a President: Films of McKinley and the Pan American Exposition – 1901
  (lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/papr/mckhome.html)

• McKinley Memorial Library, Museum & Birthplace Home
  Links the McKinley Web Finder, other educational materials and the McKinley Museum which contains Presidential materials.
  (www.mckinley.lib.oh.us/)

• William McKinley Presidential Library and Museum
  Sponsored by the Stark County Historical Society of Ohio, it contains comprehensive photographs, correspondence and other papers of this President.
  (www.mckinleymuseum.org/)

THEODORE (Teddy) ROOSEVELT (1858-1919), 26th President
Term of Office: 1901-1909

• Theodore Roosevelt Association
  (www.theodoreroosevelt.org/)

• Theodore Roosevelt Collection – Harvard University
  (hcl.harvard.edu/houghton/departments/roosevelt.html)

• Theodore Roosevelt Biography - Nobel E-Museum
  (www.nobel.se/peace/laureates/1906/roosevelt-bio.html)

• Theodore Roosevelt – A Great New Yorker
  A webpage celebrating the centennial of this President as the Governor of New York. (www.trthegreatnewyorker.com/introduction/idefault.htm)

WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT (1857-1930), 27th President
Term of Office: 1909-1913

• William Howard Taft National Historic Site
  (www.nps.gov/wiho/index.htm)

WOODROW WILSON (1856-1924), 28th President
Term of Office: 1913-1921

• The Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library
  Located in Virginia, it contains archives of papers, links to research sites and fact sheets.
  (www.woodrowwilson.org/)

WARREN G. HARDING (1865-1923), 29th President
Term of Office: 1921-1923

CALVIN COOLIDGE (1872-1933), 30th President
Term of Office: 1923-1929

• Calvin Coolidge: 30th President of the United States
  Sponsored by the nonprofit Calvin Coolidge Memorial Foundation, this educational site has essays, bibliographies and scholarship regarding President Coolidge.
  (www.calvin-coolidge.org/)

• President Calvin Coolidge State Historic Site
  Place of his birth and early childhood.
  (www.dhca.state.vt.us/HistoricSites/html/coolidge.html)

• Calvin Coolidge Presidential Library & Museum
  Contains private and Presidential papers, memorabilia and correspondence at the Forbes Public Library in Northhampton, Massachusetts.
  (www.forbeslibrary.org/coolidge/coolidge.shtml)

• Virtual Vermont Magazine – Brief Biography on Calvin Coolidge
  (www.virtualvermont.com/history/ccoolidge.html)

HERBERT C. HOOVER (1874-1964), 31st President
Term of Office: 1929-1933

• Herbert Hoover Presidential Library-Museum
  (hoover.archives.gov/)

• Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association
  Contains a lot of information about President Hoover. (http://www.hooverassociation.org/)

• Herbert Hoover National Historic Site
  The National Park Service site about Herbert Hoover's birthplace.
  (www.nps.gov/heho/home.htm)

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT (1882-1945), 32nd President
Term of Office: 1933-1945

• Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum
  (www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/)

• History Out Loud - Franklin D. Roosevelt
  Real audio clips of key speeches of President Roosevelt
  (www.hpol.org/fdr/)

• Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute
  Designed to educate the public about Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt.
  (www.feri.org/)

• Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt: National Historic Site
  (www.nps.gov/hofr/home.htm)

HARRY S. TRUMAN (1884-1972), 33rd President
Term of Office: 1945-1953

• Truman Presidential Museum & Library
  (www.trumanlibrary.org/)

• Truman History
  Links to sites about Truman's residences in Kansas City, Missouri
  (www.kchistory.org/truman.htm)

• 1948: The Great Truman Surprise
  Information on Truman's upset of Tom Dewey in 1948
  (www.kennesaw.edu/pols/3380/pres/1948.html)

• Harry S. Truman National Historic Site
  Covering Truman's home in Independence and Grandview, MO.
  (www.nps.gov/hstr/)

• The Presidential Studies Collection at the University of Missouri-Kansas City Libraries
  The Truman Presidential Libraries transferred to the UMKC Libraries a microfilm collection of the papers of selected American Presidents (described earlier), a collection of books about the Presidents, and a collection of archival documents on over 50 topical areas from the Truman Presidency.
  (library.umkc.edu/spec-col/Truman/Announcements/psc.htm)
  

DWIGHT (Ike) D. EISENHOWER (1890-1969), 34th President
Term of Office: 1953-1961

• Eisenhower Birthplace State Historical Park
  This site is the official site of Eisenhower's birthplace in Denison, TX
  (www.eisenhowerbirthplace.org/)

• Dwight David Eisenhower: The Centennial
  This site details President Eisenhower's military background
  (www.army.mil/cmh-pg/brochures/ike/ike.htm)

• Dwight D. Eisenhower Library & Museum
  (www.eisenhower.utexas.edu/ddehp.htm)

• Eisenhower Center
  This site has several links about President Eisenhower
  (www.kansasheritage.org/abilene/ikectr.html)

• Eisenhower National Historic Site
  This site contains information about the home in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where President Eisenhower retired.
  (www.nps.gov/eise/home.htm)

JOHN F. KENNEDY (1917-1963), 35th President
Term of Office: 1961-1963

• John F. Kennedy Library and Museum
  www.jfklibrary.org/

• Some Audio Files of JFK
  This site contains audio clips of key speeches by President Kennedy.
  (www.networker.www3.50megs.com/jfk16.html)

• John F. Kennedy and the Cuban Missile Crisis
  This site details the key events during the Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962.
  (www.bbc.co.uk/history/state/monarchs_leaders/kennedy_cuban_missile_01.shtml)

• Arlington National Cemetery - John Fitzgerald Kennedy
  The memorial to President Kennedy at Arlington National Cemetery. A moving description of the late President.
  (www.arlingtoncemetery.net/jfk.htm)

• John F. Kennedy National Historic Site
  The National Park Service site about the birthplace of President Kennedy.
  (www.nps.gov/jofi/)

LYNDON B. JOHNSON (1908-1973), 36th President
Term of Office: 1963-1969

• Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
  (www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/)

• President Lyndon Baines Johnson's Reconstructed Birthplace
  (www.nps.gov/lyjo/bp.htm)

• Ranching the LBJ Way
  This site has information on the LBJ ranch where the President spent much of his time when not in Washington.
  (www.nps.gov/lyjo/range.htm)

RICHARD M. NIXON (1913-1994), 37th President
Term of Office: 1969-1974

• The Richard Nixon Library and Birthplace
  (www.nixonfoundation.org/)

• Richard M. Nixon: Thirty-Seventh President 1969-1974
  A biography of President Nixon.
  (www.rvv.com/peacemaker/rn37.html)

• Camera On Assignment - Richard M. Nixon
  This site has pictures of key events of the Nixon Presidency.
  (www.gmu.edu/library/specialcollections/nixon.html)

• National Archives - Richard M. Nixon
  National Archives site about Watergate and President Nixon's resignation.
  (www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals/nixon.html/)

GERALD R. FORD (1913- ), 38th President
Term of Office: 1974-1977

• Gerald R. Ford Library and Museum
  (www.ford.utexas.edu/)

• Gerald R. Ford Biography
  (www.ford.utexas.edu/grf/fordbiop.htm)

• Gerald and Betty Ford Historical Photographs: Gerald R. Ford's Homes, 1913-1950
  This site has photos of the homes President Ford lived in from 1913 to 1950.
  (128.83.78.237/avproj/hseries/homes.htm)

JAMES (Jimmy) E. CARTER (1924- ), 39th President
Term of Office: 1977-1981

• Jimmy Carter Library & Museum
  (jimmycarterlibrary.org/)

• Camp David Accords: Framework for Peace
  This site highlights the achievements of the Camp David Accords.
  (www.ibiblio.org/sullivan/CampDavid-Accords-homepage.html)

• Jimmy Carter National Historic Site
  This site has material about the birthplace of Jimmy Carter.
  (www.nps.gov/jica/)

• Jimmy Carter N.H.S. Education Program
  This site has information about Plains, Georgia.
  (www.sowega.net/~plainsed/)

• The Hostage Crisis in Iran
  This site has information about the Iran hostage crisis.
  (jimmycarterlibrary.org/documents/hostages/hostages.phtml)

RONALD W. REAGAN (1911-2004), 40th President
Term of Office: 1981-1989

• Ronald W. Reagan Presidential Library & Museum
  (www.reaganlibrary.net/)

• Reagan and the Russians - The Atlantic Online
  A good article about Ronald Reagan's policy on the Soviet Union.
  (www.theatlantic.com/politics/foreign/reagrus.htm)

• Summits with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev
  A good site with photos of Reagan/Gorbachev Summits.
  (www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/gorby.html)

• Reagan Foundation
  This site has a lot of information about Ronald Reagan's life
  (www.reaganfoundation.org/reagan/)

GEORGE H. W. BUSH (1924- ), 41st President
Term of Office: 1989-1993

• George Bush Presidential Library and Museum
  (bushlibrary.tamu.edu/)

• Famous Texans - George H. W. Bush
  A brief biography of President Bush
  (www.famoustexans.com/georgebush.htm)

WILLIAM (Bill) JEFFERSON CLINTON (1946- ), 42nd President
Term of Office: 1993-2001

• Clinton Presidential Center
  (www.clintonpresidentialcenter.com/)

• Presidents Day: William J. Clinton
  A good biography of President Clinton.
  (www.geocities.com/Heartland/2328/wjc.htm)

• Arab-Israeli Conflict
  This site has information about President Clinton's peace initiative with Yasser Arafat and Ehud Barak.
  (www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/dn01/dn01for.html)

• Committee on the Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives
  This site has information on the impeachment proceedings of President Clinton.
  (www.house.gov/judiciary/icreport.htm)

GEORGE W. BUSH (1946- ), 43rd President
Term of Office: 2001-Present

Use search engines linked on the Internet Search Tools page to identify additional Web resources.

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For further assistance, please contact the
Miller Nichols Library Reference Desk at (816) 235-1534.

Created and maintained by Christine Angolia